1) The noon prayer (Dhuhr) [four (4) rak’ahs].
➡ Its time begins when the sun has declined westward from the middle of the sky and remains until the length of the shadow of an object becomes equal to that of the object per se, in addition to the length of the shadow of that object when the sun was at its zenith (mid-day) [according to Imams Muhammad and Abu Yusuf (r.a.)].
According to Imam Abu Hanifa, it is when the shadow of an object is twice its length in addition to the shadow of it at zenith;
2) The mid-afternoon prayer (Asr) [four (4) rak’ahs].
➡ Its time begins after Dhuhr ends, and remains until sunset;
3) The sunset prayer (Maghrib) [three (3) rak’ahs].
➡ Its time begins after sunset and remains until the disappearance of the redness in the western horizon according to Imams Muhammad and Abu Yusuf, and the whiteness following the redness according to Imam Abu Hanifa;
4) The nightfall prayer (Isha') [four (4) rak’ahs].
➡ Its time begins when Maghrib time ends and remains until the appearance of the true dawn (Fajr Sadiq);
5) The dawn prayer (Fajr) [two (2) rak’ahs].
➡ Its time begins when the second dawn (fajr sadiq) rises (i.e. the lateral whiteness on the horizon) and remains until sunrise (Shuruq).
✅ Disliked and Prohibited Times
The following apply:
1) Salat is not permissible at the rising of the sun, nor at its stationary point at midday, nor at its setting;
2) If the sun is setting, one does not perform Janazah prayer, nor make the sajdah of recitation, nor perform any other prayer except the `asr of that day;
3) It is disliked to perform voluntary prayers after fajr salat until the sun rises, and after `asr salat until the sun sets.
There is no harm in praying missed prayers during these two times, and similarly performing prostrations of recitation, and praying Janazah. One does not perform the two rak`ah of circumambulation (tawaf); and
4) It is disliked to perform any optional prayers after dawn and before fajr other the two sunnah rak`ah of fajr.
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